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We shall try to look at these problems in detail and also look at the possible solutions for them. The Hydrogen powered internal combustion engines are not in production yet due to various challenges that they pose. With this, we believe, you can now better understand what is hydrogen combustion engine all about.Īlso read: What is E20 Fuel and how India aims to achieve 20% Ethanol blend by 2025? Challenges for Hydrogen Combustion Engine These are harmful emissions and needed to be kept in check to ensure that the latest emissions standards are met.
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During combustion, the cylinder temperatures are high, as a result of which the NOx emissions are produced from the combustion. So, if the intake valve remains open for even a slight duration during the combustion, there is a danger of the fire spreading through the intake manifold which could damage various components. This is because, in the case of port injection, Hydrogen has the tendency to catch fire even through small cracks and crevices. However, the injection system requires direct fuel injection technology and high-pressure injectors. The overall combustion process remains the same as in regular petrol or diesel-powered engine with normal 4-strokes: Intake, Compression, Power and Exhaust. Such high pressures in the storage tanks can pose a bit of a health and safety hazard and hence, a lot of care has to be taken while handling the hydrogen as a fuel in a vehicle.Īlso read: Front, Mid and Rear Engine Cars – Pros and Cons! Working Principle Additionally, because high amounts of it are required to be stored, the storage pressure is in the range of 700 bar. Hence, to achieve a meaningful performance, large amounts of Hydrogen must be used. This includes a massive storage tank for Hydrogen because the energy density of Hydrogen is substantially low compared to petrol or diesel fuels. Using Hydrogen as the fuel to power an automobile results in adding some new components to the car. Hence, hydrogen-powered vehicles come with their own set of challenges and peculiarities.Īlso read: What are SOHC, DOHC & OHV – Advantages and Disadvantages of each! Construction As we will discuss later, Hydrogen has various unique properties and it is not easy to handle or manufacture Hydrogen compared to petrol and diesel. Essentially, the combustion engine remains more or less the same, but there are various new mechanical components that are needed to be added to the car in order for this technology to work. This time around, it has been testing a hydrogen-powered combustion engine to analyze the results.
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Toyota has been one such automobile company that always looks for new techniques to improve the efficiency of internal combustion engines or reduce emissions.